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来源：至尊彩票官方2024-10-14 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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卡梅隆为何这次没能创造票房奇迹******

　　12月16日，由詹姆斯·卡梅隆执导的《阿凡达：水之道》在国内公映。公映前，该片被寄予厚望，认为是一部“救市之作”。但事与愿违，该片上映11天，只取得了7.31亿元的票房，这个成绩远不如2010年在内地公映的《阿凡达》。卡梅隆曾经在采访中说过，《阿凡达：水之道》的全球票房要能达到影史前三四名的水准，才可以保证收支平衡。现在看来，这个愿望难度有点大。

　　曾经凭借《泰坦尼克号》和《阿凡达》两次在中国内地市场上创下票房奇迹的卡梅隆，为何这次却票房失灵了呢？

　　原因是多方面的，既有外部的原因，也有这个电影本身的问题。

　　先说外部原因。奥密克戎还在国内流行，目前不少观众还是选择暂时不进电影院，这是客观存在的事实。不过随着形势的向好，相信部分观众会陆续进电影院补看。

　　观众对于该片的最大吐槽，来自于过于简单的剧情、不够深刻的主题和相比前作缩水很多的战争场面。

　　卡梅隆以往的影片在叙事上都非常紧凑，他喜欢线性叙事，即便像《泰坦尼克号》中不得不穿插回忆画面，整部影片也是按照线性叙事来进行，这保证了观众在观看时的流畅性。其次，卡梅隆的以往电影，都是紧紧围绕着一对主人公的故事而展开的，比如《泰坦尼克号》中的罗丝和杰克，《阿凡达》中的杰克和涅提妮。观众跟着主人公的视角进入故事环境，感受着他们的喜怒哀乐，这也是好莱坞大片最常见的叙事技巧。

　　但这一切，在《阿凡达：水之道》中有了很大的改变，说这是一部“非典型卡梅隆电影”一点也不过分。该片是一部群像戏，这在卡梅隆电影中还是首次。

　　《阿凡达：水之道》片长193分钟，由于影片将很大篇幅给了孩子，因此整个故事看起来有点散漫，观众也反映观看过程中自己“都走神了”。在《阿凡达》最后，库尔奇少校率领的海军陆战队跟杰克率领的潘多拉星球上的部落人展开了大决战，气势恢宏。相比之下，《阿凡达：水之道》结尾处的决战，只是发生在一艘捕鲲船上，战斗场面的巨大落差，也让很多观众看得不够过瘾。

　　《阿凡达：水之道》过于浅显的主题也让不少观众诟病。

　　《阿凡达》刚上映的时候，观众对3D电脑特效惊为天人。但经过了这些年的发展，电脑特效和数字技术已经司空见惯，现在再看《阿凡达：水之道》，惊艳指数明显下降。这些年来最大的变化就是中国电影的崛起，尤其是出现了像《流浪地球》这样的爆款科幻电影，虽然在整体制作上跟好莱坞大片还有距离，但《流浪地球》讲述的却是中国人自己的故事和科幻观，有了这些底气，好莱坞的那些情节简单的大片也就越来越不好使了。（王金跃）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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